• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Brake pad in a disk brake of axis A, the plate comprising a sole (1) and a friction material lining, the lining being delimited by a friction face (26), a fixing face (20), an inner edge (23), an outer edge (24), a leading edge (21), a trailing edge (22), the lining being provided with a collection groove (3) open on the friction face (26) and arranged near the front edge (21), the sole comprising a hole (17) in fluid communication with the collection groove, this hole being connected to a vacuum source via communication means (4), the collecting groove leading to one of the edges selected from the inner and outer edges.
    公开号:FR3057040A1
    申请号:FR1659613
    申请日:2016-10-05
    公开日:2018-04-06
    发明作者:Christophe Rocca-Serra
    申请人:Tallano Technologie SAS；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    (57) Brake pad in a disc brake of axis A, the pad comprising a sole (1) and a lining made of friction material, the lining being delimited by a friction face (26), a fixing face ( 20), an inner edge (23), an outer edge (24), a front edge (21), a rear edge (22), the lining being provided with a collecting groove (3) open on the friction face (26) and arranged near the front edge (21), the soleplate comprising a hole (17) in fluid communication with the collection groove, this hole being connected to a source of vacuum via communication means (4), the collection groove opening onto one of the edges chosen from the interior and exterior edges.
    Brake pad and particle capture brake assembly
    Technical area
    The present invention relates to non-polluting braking systems, intended in particular to be used on road or rail vehicles. The invention relates in particular to braking systems capable of picking up by suction particles and dust, resulting from abrasion, emitted by friction braking.
    It is known that these particles dispersed in the ambient environment are harmful to the health of individuals. The progress of electric motors for motor vehicles has increased the need to treat particles and dust resulting from the abrasion of friction braking systems.
    Prior Art
    The document WO2014072234 discloses a simple and autonomous device, based on the principle of suction as close as possible to the wafer / disc interface.
    It turns out, however, that the uptake rate is not optimum, because the latter depends on the aerological conditions and in particular on the relative wind prevailing in the immediate vicinity of the brake pad.
    It therefore appeared a need to improve the solutions to properly capture the particles and dust resulting from braking with a view to eliminating all or part of the aforementioned drawbacks.
    Summary of the invention
    To this end, according to the present invention, a brake pad is proposed in a disc brake of axis A, the pad comprising a sole, and a lining made of friction material, the lining being delimited by a friction face, a fixing face, an inner edge, an outer edge, a front edge, a rear edge, the lining being provided with a collecting groove
    open on the friction face and arranged near the front edge,the sole including a hole in fluid communication with the collecting groove, this hole being connected to a source of depression via means Communication, characterized in that the collection groove opens on one of the chosen edges among the inner edges and outside.Thanks to these provisions , it is possible to increase the
    particle capture rate under various aerological conditions around the brake assembly.
    Specifically, it is noted that the particles are captured before they leave the interface between the wafer and the disc.
    By a simple suction process and without blowing, the system can capture most of the particles that escape from the lining.
    In addition, the presence of this groove does not substantially reduce the braking efficiency for a given total available surface of friction contact.
    In addition, the cooling performance of the wafer and of the surrounding parts are not hampered by the presence of an additional part in the vicinity of the wafer as known in the prior art.
    In various embodiments of the invention, one can optionally have recourse to one and / or the other of the following provisions:
    - the collection groove can be dug directly into the friction material, up to the surface of the sole. This groove can be formed by a very common machining operation;
    the collecting groove can be formed directly in the friction material during the sintering operation, with a groove bottom which coincides with the surface of the sole;
    underside, a molding insert is used to obtain the groove cavity precisely at the same time as the lining itself is formed;
    - The sole is preferably made of metallic material, formed as a solid plate of constant thickness with one or two holes, one of which will be used as a passage for the suction of the particles torn from the lining;
    Advantageously, the surface S3 occupied by the groove is less than 5% of the total available surface S20 on the friction, and even more preferably 4%; Optimized braking efficiency is obtained for the available surface, while collecting particles.
    the collecting groove generally extends radially with respect to the axis A, between a through end and a blind end, the hole in the sole opening into the groove near the blind end. Thus, the pneumatic / air flow path is optimized.
    - According to an option, the collection groove is single and continuous, and the collection groove is of constant width and is substantially parallel to the front edge of the lining; the inventors have discovered that this position is optimal for maximizing the collection of particles and maintaining good braking efficiency;
    - According to an option, the width of the collection groove can be between 1.5 mm and 4 mm, preferably close to
    2.5 mm; which is optimal for light or medium motor vehicles;
    - Depending on an option, the width of the collection groove can range from 2.5 mm up to 6 mm; which is optimal for heavy goods vehicles or buses or even railway equipment;
    According to another aspect, the invention relates to a brake assembly comprising a brake disc, a brake caliper, two pads as defined above and a suction device pneumatically connected to the grooves of the pads by the communication means.
    - According to one option, the means of communication comprise at least one flexible pipe; Thus, the flexible hose can follow the wafer in its movements especially as the wear of the lining; and this facilitates mounting when replacing the pads;
    - According to an option, one end of the flexible hose is fitted into a sole hole; thus, the pipe and the pad can be selectively coupled in particular during the pad replacement operation;
    - According to one option, the means of communication are formed through an internal passage formed in the body of the stirrup; this forms a clever solution in the case where the body of the stirrup is massive;
    - According to an option, the suction device is arranged near the brake caliper, with the communication means connecting the sole holes to the suction device; thus capture and storage are close to the collection of locally produced particles.
    - According to another option, the suction device can be arranged remotely and serve as a common resource for several braking members,
    - The drive means of the suction device can be electrically controlled and can include an electric motor controlled by a control unit; it is thus possible to control the suction phases according to a predefined logic, in particular as a function of the different braking phases.
    Brief description of the drawings Other aspects, objects and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the following description of two of its embodiments of the invention, given by way of non-limiting examples. The invention will also be better understood with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
    FIGS. 1 and 2 are general views, respectively in profile and in perspective, of a brake pad according to a first embodiment of the invention,
    FIG. 3 is a front view of the brake pad of FIGS. 1 and 2,
    FIG. 4 is a front view of a brake pad according to a second embodiment,
    FIG. 5 illustrates in front view the ratio of the areas and the surfaces,
    FIG. 6 is a view of a braking member seen from the axis, the caliper support not being shown,
    FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the wafer taken along the collection groove,
    - the figure illustrates in perspective a braking member, with its caliper support, its caliper, and the disc,
    FIG. 9 illustrates the connection of a collection pipe in the hole of the wafer sole,
    FIGS. 10 and 11 are front views of variants of brake assemblies,
    - Figure 12 schematically illustrates an example of a complete system fitted to a motor vehicle.
    Detailed description of the invention
    On references It is necessary the different figures, the same designate identical or similar elements. Note that the drawings are not necessarily to scale, certain dimensions have been exaggerated for the clarity of the description, in particular certain clearances or guard distances.
    The present invention relates to a disc brake configuration. Such a disc brake configuration is very common in automobiles, commercial vehicles, heavy vehicles, buses as well as in railway rolling stock, and also on two-wheelers. In this configuration, the braking action takes place on a rotor called a “disc” integral with the rim of the wheel but separate from the latter. As is well known, two brake pads 10, such as those illustrated in Figures 1 to 4 are arranged on either side of the disc, opposite the side faces of the disc. We just selectively exert, according to a braking command, a pressure tending to bring the pads closer to one another and to press against the faces of the disc, in other words the pads take the disc in sandwich.
    The particles emitted by braking systems are increasing in number due to the increase in vehicle traffic, especially in urban areas. Medical studies confirm the harmfulness of these particles for the respiratory system of individuals and for health in general. It therefore appears important to greatly reduce the emission of these particles into the ambient environment, to which the present invention relates.
    Even if we try to use frictionless braking systems, where possible, such as regenerative or eddy current braking, it turns out that we cannot do without friction braking, because they are effective at all speeds, and they keep the vehicle stationary, and provide an adequate and effective solution in case of emergency braking.
    As regards friction braking, this is therefore based on a rotor 9 (here a disc) rotating around a wheel axle A on which two pads act by friction to reduce its speed by transforming the energy kinetics in heat. The braking member 19 comprises, in addition to the two pads, a caliper 5 provided with a piston 55 and a caliper support 6.
    The rotation around the axis A makes it possible to define a tangential (or circumferential) direction T and a radial direction R (locally orthogonal to the axis A and to the tangential direction T).
    normal rotation FW which For a vehicle
    We also define a direction corresponds to forward, road, generally 99% of the braking particles are emitted when the vehicle brakes while moving forward. In reverse, you brake very little.
    As illustrated in Figures 1 to 4, a brake pad includes a sole 1, also sometimes called a metal base. The sole is preferably made of metallic material; it is formed like a solid plate of constant thickness (typically between 3 and 5 mm). Its general facial shape is rectangular, with however a curvature which follows the curvature of the lateral face of the disc on which the plates will come to exert their force.
    The sole 1 comprises an external face 14 intended to come to bear on the caliper and / or on the piston 55 of axis A2 and an internal face 13 on which the lining is fixed.
    The brake pad also includes a support body also called a "lining" 2 comprising friction material, this material sometimes commonly called "ferodo". The lining 2 is capable of loosening particles 28 resulting from abrasion due to friction.
    The lining 2 is delimited by a friction face 26 ('rubbing' face), a fixing face 20 opposite the friction face and integrally fixed on the sole, an inner edge 23 (axis side A), an outer edge 24 (on the side opposite axis A), a front edge 21 and a rear edge 22.
    The front edge 21 is located in a circumferential reference on the side where the disc leaves the interface with the wafer (FW side).
    The rubbing face is marked 26, it gradually approaches the sole as the lining 2 wears in the direction of the sole 1. In FIG. 1, the volume of the lining is shown in dotted lines. new condition and in full line the volume after some wear. The thickness of the lining therefore decreases over time.
    The lining is provided with a collection groove 3 open on the friction face 26 and arranged near the front edge 21. The depth of the groove 3 corresponds to the entire height of the lining, that is to say that the bottom of the groove coincides with the internal surface 13 of the sole.
    Advantageously according to the present invention, an air flow FA is created in this collecting groove 3, this air flow being generated by suction coming from a vacuum source.
    An optimal compromise has been found between the suction power and the air flow generated when the collection groove opens onto one of the edges chosen from the interior and exterior edges; in other words, the groove 3 opens onto only one of the lateral edges.
    For example in FIGS. 1 to 3, the groove 3 opens on the inside edge in a mouth marked 33. Conversely on the variant shown in FIG. 4, the groove opens on the outside edge in a mouth marked 34.
    Opposite the mouth on one of the outer or inner edges, the groove 3 ends in a blind end marked 31, not emerging on the edge.
    According to another embodiment not shown in the figures, the collection groove can open both on the inner edge 23 and on the outer edge 24.
    According to preferred aspects, the collection groove is single and continuous, the collection groove is of constant width and is substantially parallel to the front edge 21. However, it is not excluded that the lining has other grooves for purposes water drain.
    For plates of the motor vehicle type, the width E of the collection groove can be chosen between 1.5 mm and 4 mm, preferably around 2.5 mm.
    For plates of the heavy vehicle, bus, train, tram, metro type, a width E of the collection groove can be chosen which can range from 2.5 mm up to 6 mm. Advantageously, the groove width can be chosen substantially proportional to the total surface of the lining.
    The collecting groove 3 can be formed simultaneously with the formation of the lining or even later.
    In the example illustrated, the sole 1 comprises two studs or ears 11, 12 which are used to hold and guide the brake pad. Each post is received by complementary shape in a housing of the stirrup support
    6. An immobilization is thus obtained in the tangential T and radial R directions and the housing allows movement of the post in the axial direction A.
    The sole includes a hole 17 which is used as a passage for the suction of the particles torn from the lining. Indeed, the hole 17 of the sole opens into the groove near the blind end 31, which makes the air flow to collect the particles even more optimum.
    However, in general, it is noted that the hole 17 in the sole is positioned so that it finds itself in fluid communication with the collection groove, not necessarily close to the blind end 31.
    For the sake of symmetry, provision may be made for the sole to include two holes, only one of which will face the groove. In this case, there is only one sole reference even if there are two distinct reference plates (see below).
    The hole 17 may have a diameter slightly greater than ίο the general width of the groove; however, the groove may have a greater width at the location of the hole 17.
    As illustrated in the figures, and in common with the various possible variants, the disc is of constant thickness secured to the wheel to be braked (or to the wheels of the axle to be braked); the two pads 10A, 10B (also called 'brake pads') are intended to come to bear on the disc to brake it thanks to the action of the brake caliper
    5.
    The disc comprises a hub, a first annular lateral face, on the side of the caliper piston, denoted 9A perpendicular to the axis A, and a second annular face on the side of the rim of the wheel, denoted 9B parallel to the first lateral face; the radially outer edges of the lateral faces are connected by a border called the disc edge 93.
    The brake caliper 5 is attached by a mounting to the caliper support 6. In the example illustrated, this mounting is of the floating type according to A2, for example with rods 56 (also called 'balusters'), well known and therefore not detailed.
    The caliper support 6 comprises a yoke intended to be fixed to a suspension arm or to a rocket carrier, and U-shaped saddles straddling the disc: more precisely a first saddle 61 on the front side, a second bridge 62 on the rear side, and a connecting arc 63 which connects the bridges opposite the yoke.
    In the case of a road vehicle, the yoke is arranged on the interior side of the vehicle relative to the disc 9, and the connecting arc is arranged on the exterior side of the vehicle relative to the disc 9. The yoke is fixed to the arm of suspension or to the stub axle as appropriate.
    The pads 10A, 10B are mounted movable along A relative to the caliper support 6 but they are substantially immobilized in the circumferential direction T and in the radial direction R with the studs 11,12 and complementarities of shapes already mentioned.
    The piston side plate, i.e. opposite the rim
    wheel, East spotted 10A, we also talk about "Brochure interior ", she is based on the first face 9A from disk. The opposite plate marked 10B, said
    "External" is on the side of the wheel rim, that is to say on the side opposite the caliper piston, it is supported on the second face 9B of the disc.
    In the example illustrated, the inner plate 10A and the outer plate 10B are different due to the different configuration of their fittings, but it is not excluded that for reasons of standardization, two grooves symmetrical with respect to the plane are formed. median of the PS wafer.
    In other configurations, there are other reasons which require that the inner pad be different from the outer pad.
    The two plates are selectively biased one towards the other to take the disc 9 sandwiched under the effect of the piston 55, thereby producing a force PF directed along A2 parallel to the axial direction of wheel A. stirrup has a general U-shape straddling the disc and comprises a body 50 and fingers 51, 52 arranged opposite the piston 55.
    With regard to the areas and surfaces necessary for effective braking, with reference to FIG. 5, it is noted that the surface S3 occupied by the groove is very small compared to the total available surface S20 on the friction face.
    We define the ratio K = S3 / S20.
    It is advantageous to have the ratio K <5%, or even preferably less than 4%.
    The remaining area S21 located downstream of the collection groove represents less than 10% of S20.
    It will be noted that the remaining surface 21 which forms the border downstream of the groove 3 must not be too small to avoid the risks of mechanical damage to this border.
    The suction device can be arranged in several ways.
    In Figure 6, there is a local suction device 8 own a braking member; this suction device can include an electric motor, a filter, a turbine. In this configuration, the length of the pneumatic lines is small, as short as possible to limit the air pressure losses.
    According to a variant, this suction device 8 can be arranged centrally, as illustrated by dotted lines in FIG. 12.
    Fluid communication means are provided (generically noted by the reference 4), that is to say for example a pneumatic pipe otherwise called pneumatic pipeline, which fluidly connects the suction device with the two collecting grooves.
    In practice, as shown in Figures 1 and 6, the communication means are formed by a flexible pipe 40, one end is fixed in the hole 17 of the sole and the other end arrives in the suction device.
    The flexible pipe in question can be formed in a single part or in several parts, that is to say with portions of pipe with possibly fittings.
    On the interior side, depending on the spatial configuration of the stirrup, it may be necessary to have recourse to a trick according to which the pipe 40 passes through an internal passage 57 formed in the body of the stirrup, as is illustrated in Figures 10.
    In Figure 11, the flexible pipe 40 abuts directly on the sole of the wafer without the need to pass through the body of the stirrup.
    Thus, on the side of the inner plate 10A, depending on the configuration of the stirrup 5, it will be possible to use the configuration of FIG. 10 with a through passage 57, or the configuration of FIG. 11 without a through passage in the stirrup .
    FIG. 9 illustrates a solution for fixing the end of the flexible pipe 40 in the sole of the plate at the level of the hole 17. The hole 17 can be formed by two coaxial bores of axis A3, that directed towards the gasket being slightly larger in diameter.
    The free end of the pipe comprises forms of flexible hooks 47 intended to cooperate with a shoulder formed at the junction of the two bores of different diameters of the hole 17.
    Of course, other methods of fixing the end of the pipe in the soleplate can be envisaged, gluing, fixing by screwing, by magnetic parts, etc.
    As already mentioned, it is noted that there may be two grooves in symmetry with respect to the median plane PS of the wafer, only one actually being used for the suction process.
    The communication means 4 are formed by small diameter pneumatic lines or pipes.
    In the version with suction device and centralized collection (see Figure 12), there is a centralized suction device 80 with filter, turbine and electric motor, as well as pneumatic pipes
    41,42,43,44, which respectively connect each of the braking members to the central suction device.
    FIG. 12 shows an electronic control unit 7 responsible for controlling the suction phases according to a predefined logic, in particular as a function of the different braking phases. It is thus possible to avoid vacuuming when no braking action is exerted by the driver and / or by the vehicle system.
    Alternatively, the electronic control unit 7 can be connected by cables 71,72,73,74 to decentralized suction devices located near the braking members.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    1. Brake pad in a disc brake of axis A, the pad comprising a sole (1) and a lining made of friction material, the lining being delimited by a friction face (26), a fixing face (20 ), an inner edge (23), an outer edge (24), a front edge (21), a rear edge (22), the lining being provided with a collecting groove (3) open on the friction face ( 26) and arranged near the front edge (21), the soleplate comprising a hole (17) in fluid communication with the collection groove, this hole being connected to a source of vacuum via communication means (4), characterized in that the collection groove opens onto one of the edges chosen from the interior and exterior edges.
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. A brake pad according to claim 1, in which the collecting groove is hollowed out directly in the friction material, up to the surface of the sole.
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. A brake pad according to claim 1, in which the collecting groove is formed directly in the friction material during the sintering operation, with a groove bottom which coincides with the surface of the sole.
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4. Brake pad according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the area S3 occupied by the groove is less than 5% of the total available area S20 on the friction face.
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    5. Brake pad according to one of claims 1 to 4, in which the collecting groove generally extends radially with respect to the axis A, between a through end (33) and a blind end (31), the hole (17) in the sole opening into the groove near the blind end.
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    6. Brake pad according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the collection groove is single and continuous, and the collection groove is of constant width and is substantially parallel to the front edge of the lining.
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    7. Brake assembly comprising a brake disc (9), a brake caliper (5), two pads (10A, 10B) according to one of claims 1-8, and a suction device (8) pneumatically connected to the grooves of the plates by the communication means (4).
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    8. Brake assembly according to claim 7, wherein the communication means (7) comprise at least one flexible pipe (40).
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    9. Brake assembly according to claim 8, in which one end of the flexible hose is fitted into a hole (17) in the sole.
    [10" id="c-fr-0010]
    10. Brake assembly according to claim 7, wherein the communication means are formed through an internal passage (57) formed in the body (50) of the caliper (5).
    1/5 F, G. 1 FIG. 2
    2/5
    3/5
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
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    KR20190091258A|2019-08-05|
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    WO2018065541A1|2018-04-12|
    FR3057040B1|2019-05-03|
    JP6953522B2|2021-10-27|
    US20200049213A1|2020-02-13|
    US10935092B2|2021-03-02|
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    法律状态:
    2017-08-11| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2018-04-06| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20180406 |
    2018-09-27| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2019-10-25| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2020-10-26| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2021-09-27| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1659613|2016-10-05|
    FR1659613A|FR3057040B1|2016-10-05|2016-10-05|BRAKE PAD AND PARTICLE CAPTRATING BRAKE ASSEMBLY|FR1659613A| FR3057040B1|2016-10-05|2016-10-05|BRAKE PAD AND PARTICLE CAPTRATING BRAKE ASSEMBLY|
    EP17780106.5A| EP3523550B1|2016-10-05|2017-10-05|Brake pad and braking unit for capturing particles|
    PCT/EP2017/075401| WO2018065541A1|2016-10-05|2017-10-05|Brake pad and braking unit for capturing particles|
    CN201780061733.8A| CN109790889B|2016-10-05|2017-10-05|Brake pad and brake unit for capturing particles|
    KR1020197009722A| KR20190091258A|2016-10-05|2017-10-05|Brake Pads and Brake Devices for Collecting Particles|
    JP2019518454A| JP6953522B2|2016-10-05|2017-10-05|Brake pads and brake units for capturing dust|
    SG11201902942XA| SG11201902942XA|2016-10-05|2017-10-05|Brake pad and braking unit for capturing particles|
    CA3038425A| CA3038425A1|2016-10-05|2017-10-05|Brake pad and braking unit for capturing particles|
    RU2019113331A| RU2729100C1|2016-10-05|2017-10-05|Brake shoe and brake assembly for entrapping particles|
    US16/339,739| US10935092B2|2016-10-05|2017-10-05|Brake pad and braking unit for capturing particles|
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